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Universal Beam Sizes & Uses

There arguably no steel beams more widely used, durable, and stable than the universal beam. Also popularly known as I-beams, they are used in a number of commercial, industrial, and residential projects every day around the world.

What are universal beams? Universal beams are lengths of structural steel that have a cross section which resembles the letters “I” or “H.” The shape of their cross section is the reason why they are also known as I-beams or H-beams. They are also known as wide beams and rolled steel joists (RSJ). These beams offer many different advantages, such as: Various dimensions: Universal beams are available in a wide range of lengths, breadths, widths, and weights, as well as with a variety of flange widths, section depths, and web thicknesses. Bear high loads: The beams’ design means they bend rather than buckle when placed under high stress. They are strong enough to withstand the gargantuan loads of structures. In fact, their strength can help reduce the need for a large number of additional support structures, potentially saving time and money. Even weight distribution: Universal beams are designed to handle uniform loads across their length. The maximum deflection falls on the beam’s centre, increasing tension on either side of the beam. As the weight is applied to the flange, the mass is distributed evenly, meaning less stress passes through the web. Helpful in custom steel fabrication: Universal or I-beams can be used easily during custom steel fabrication and welding processes, no matter the type of construction. Recyclable and cost-effective: Steel universal beams can be recycled many times without compromising the strength of the steel, which can help to save on energy, materials, production expenses, and time.

What are universal beams?

Universal beams are lengths of structural steel that have a cross section which resembles the letters “I” or “H.” The shape of their cross section is the reason why they are also known as I-beams or H-beams. They are also known as wide beams and rolled steel joists (RSJ).

These beams offer many different advantages, such as:

  • Various dimensions: Universal beams are available in a wide range of lengths, breadths, widths, and weights, as well as with a variety of flange widths, section depths, and web thicknesses.
  • Bear high loads: The beams’ design means they bend rather than buckle when placed under high stress. They are strong enough to withstand the gargantuan loads of structures. In fact, their strength can help reduce the need for a large number of additional support structures, potentially saving time and money.
  • Even weight distribution: Universal beams are designed to handle uniform loads across their length. The maximum deflection falls on the beam’s centre, increasing tension on either side of the beam. As the weight is applied to the flange, the mass is distributed evenly, meaning less stress passes through the web.
  • Helpful in custom steel fabrication: Universal or I-beams can be used easily during custom steel fabrication and welding processes, no matter the type of construction.
  • Recyclable and cost-effective: Steel universal beams can be recycled many times without compromising the strength of the steel, which can help to save on energy, materials, production expenses, and time.

Shape and structure of universal beams

A universal beam is comprised of two long-drawn-out structural steel planes known as flanges. The two flanges are connected by a structural steel perpendicular component known as a web. The two flanges connected by the web form the I- or H-shaped cross section. Universal beams may also be made using aluminium alloys and low alloy steels.

Universal beam sizes

Universal beam sizes vary considerably. They are available in an incredible variety of dimensions, widths, thicknesses, and other specifications for all sorts of applications.

When ordering these beams for your project, be sure to choose the correct universal beam sizes for your needs. Here at BM Steel, you can find universal beams ranging in size between 127 x 76 x 13KG and 406 x 178 x 74KG. When deciding which beams to order for your project, consider the following factors:

  • Bending: Bending will occur if the bulk body is not strong enough to withstand yield stresses.
  • Buckling: Torsional stresses can lead to buckling in universal beams, with consequences that range from undesirable to disastrous. Select the flanges accordingly.
  • Deflection: Ensure the beams are thick enough to minimize deflection.
  • Tension: The right web thickness is key to preventing the universal beam from buckling or rippling under tension.
  • Vibration: Carefully consider the stiffness and mass of the beams you order, as you need to aim for as little vibration as possible.

Uses of universal beams

The universal beam continues to be put to a variety of uses in the construction industry. They are often used to form the main framework in many buildings and warehouses, as they offer consistent and resilient support and stability. In addition to being used as critical support trusses in the construction of buildings, these beams are also used in the building of bridges and other structures.

Given its many advantages, versatility, and applications within the construction industry, the universal beam has a well-deserved name. When choosing universal beams for your projects, BM Steel has a selection of products used extensively in construction across both commercial and domestic environments.

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Posted by Verkeer
19th September 2023

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